Alcohol Related Birth Defects -physical birth defects that are often related to FASD (caused by alcohol) but can have other causes, eg. Cleft palate, heart murmurs, and scoliosis. ARBD is not considered a FASD diagnosis in the newest Canadian FASD diagnostic guidelines.

Alcohol Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder- is the brain damage caused by recognized alcohol consumption in pregnancy. ARND brain damage is equivalent to brain damage in full fetal alcohol syndrome but lacks growth deficiencies and facial birth defects. This is the most common form of FASD; hundreds of thousands of Canadians have ARND. Most are not diagnosed.